AI Regulation in Argentina: Building a Responsible Future for Innovation

Argentina's approach to AI regulation focuses on balancing technological progress with accountability and transparency. Through new legislative proposals, ethical guidelines, and updates to data protection law, the country aims to build a trusted AI ecosystem that aligns with international standards while promoting local innovation and sustainable development.

 

Current Framework

Argentina's AI governance is currently guided by a mix of existing data-protection laws, ethical guidelines, and draft legislation now under discussion in Congress. Together, these initiatives are moving Argentina closer to international standards for safe and transparent AI.

1. Data Protection Law (Law 25.326)

• Argentina's core privacy law already applies to many AI activities that involve personal data.
• Updates are being discussed to include specific rules for automated decision-making, giving people the right not to be subject to decisions made solely by algorithms.

 

2. Ethical and Transparency Guidelines

• In 2023, the government issued Provision 2/2023 setting out ethical principles for AI human oversight, accountability, and transparency throughout the AI lifecycle.
• The Guide for Public and Private Entities on Transparency and Protection of Personal Data for Responsible AI (2024) further strengthens these principles and encourages organisations to document how their systems work and protect individuals' rights.

 

3. AI Transparency and Data Protection Program

• Under Resolution 161/2023, Argentina established a national program promoting responsible AI through training, awareness, and accountability.
• The Agency for Access to Public Information (AAIP) leads this effort, supporting both public and private organisations.

 

4. New Legislative Proposals

Argentina's Congress is considering several bills that would introduce a clear legal framework for AI:

• Bill 3003-D-2024: Introduced in June 2024, proposes a national framework for responsible AI, promoting safe innovation.
• Bill 4243-D-2025: Introduced in August 2025, focuses on data protection in AI systems. It introduces transparency rules, a national AI registry, mandatory risk assessments for medium- and high-risk systems, and audit powers for authorities.
• Bill 2397-D-2025: Would create a national committee to oversee AI and emerging technologies.

 

Fig 1.0 Overview of Argentina's evolving evolving AI Governance Structure. The AAIP, new AI committees, and sectoral authorities interact will supervise AI systems under the proposed legal framework

 

5. Judicial and Provincial Practice

• Several provinces such as Santa Fe, Jujuy, and Río Negro have already adopted local AI protocols.
• Courts have also acted in Buenos Aires, a facial-recognition system was suspended over privacy concerns until stronger safeguards are implemented.

These examples show that even before a national AI law, Argentina's judiciary and regulators are enforcing principles of accountability and human oversight.

 

Fig 2.0 Evolution of Argentina's AI regulatory developments from early data-protection reforms and ethical guidelines to the introduction of risk-based AI bills in 2024–2025.

 

How Argentina Compares Globally

Argentina's AI strategy follows the global trend of risk-based regulation, inspired by models such as the EU AI Act. It seeks to balance innovation with safeguards for privacy, fairness, and transparency. At the same time, Argentina's current administration under President Javier Milei favours a lighter regulatory touch to support innovation and position the country as a regional hub for AI development. This dual focus of growth and governance defines Argentina's unique approach in Latin America.

 

Key Compliance Focus Areas

Following is the list of key focus areas in Argentina's regulatory space:

 

1. Data Protection and Privacy

AI systems must comply with Argentina's Personal Data Protection Law:

• Obtain valid consent and respect purpose limitations.
• Provide transparency on how data is used and how automated decisions are made.
• Prepare to comply with future updates giving people stronger rights over algorithmic decisions.

 

2. Risk Assessment

Proposed bills require organisations to identify and document risks:

• Classify systems as low, medium, or high risk.
• Register medium and high-risk systems in the National AI Registry.
• Conduct impact assessments and maintain documentation on data sources, logic, and potential impacts.

 

3. Transparency and Human Oversight

• Explainable AI will be a key requirement. Systems must be transparent, traceable, and auditable.
• Human supervision remains mandatory. AI cannot replace human decision-making, particularly in sensitive areas such as justice, healthcare, and finance.

 

4. Registration and Enforcement

• Medium and high-risk AI systems must be registered with the competent authority.
• Regulators will have powers to audit, suspend, or ban systems that pose significant risks.
• Fines and sanctions will apply for violations, especially where rights are affected.

 

5. International Standards and Cross-Border Operations

• Argentina's upcoming laws refer to international best practices such as ISO/IEC 42001 and NIST AI RMF 1.0.
• Companies processing Argentine personal data abroad or offering AI services to Argentine users must comply with these national requirements, even if based overseas.

 

6. Provincial Differences

• Local regulations may vary by province, especially in judicial and public-sector applications.
• Organisations operating nationwide should ensure that compliance frameworks can adapt to regional variations.

 

Looking Ahead: What to Expect

In the coming years, Argentina is expected to advance several important initiatives that will shape the country's AI landscape. The government is likely to approve one of the pending AI bills, establishing a national, risk-based legal framework for artificial intelligence systems. This will be complemented by the creation of a National AI Registry and the designation of the Agency for Access to Public Information (AAIP) as the key supervisory authority. Future regulations are also expected to strengthen individuals' rights regarding automated decision-making, ensuring greater transparency and accountability from AI developers and operators. Additionally, Argentina plans to issue sector-specific guidelines for high-impact areas such as justice, public safety, and finance, while promoting innovation sandboxes to allow startups to test AI technologies responsibly under regulatory oversight.

 

What Organisations Should Do Now

To prepare for these developments, organisations should:

• Review existing AI systems and identify where they rely on personal data or automated decisions.
• Establish internal AI governance policies, including documentation, transparency, and oversight.
• Conduct regular risk and impact assessments to identify potential harm or bias.
• Align practices with global AI standards, ensuring readiness for future audits.
• Monitor new legislation and provincial rules and engage with Argentine regulators or associations.
• Collaborate with local experts to interpret upcoming obligations.

 

How Nemko Digital Can Help

Nemko Digital supports organisations across Latin America and globally in meeting AI governance and compliance challenges. Our services include:

• AI compliance gap-assessments against upcoming laws such as Bill 4243-D-2025.
• Development of AI governance frameworks aligned with ISO/IEC 42001 and NIST AI RMF 1.0.
• Implementation of transparency, risk management, and oversight procedures.
• Advisory on registration, documentation, and audit readiness for AI systems.

With Nemko's expertise, organisations can adopt responsible AI practices early ensuring both compliance and competitive advantage in Argentina's growing digital economy.

 

Takeaways

Argentina's path toward AI regulation is clear responsible innovation anchored in transparency, data protection, and human oversight. While the national AI law is still under debate, regulators and courts are already enforcing key principles that affect how AI can be used. By acting now, strengthening governance, conducting risk assessments, and adopting international standards businesses can stay ahead of future laws and build lasting trust in their AI systems.